The Promise of Base Editing: Potential Applications in Science and Medicine
The discovery of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas system has revolutionized the field of molecular biology and medicine (reviewed by Kantor et al.). CRISPR-mediated genome editing initially involved the generation of a Cas9-induced double-strand DNA repaired by either non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) mechanisms, or by homology-directed repair (HDR).
The discovery of the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas system has revolutionized the field of molecular biology and medicine (reviewed by Kantor et al.). CRISPR-mediated genome editing initially involved the generation of a Cas9-induced double-strand DNA (dsDNA) break (Figure 1) repaired by either non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) mechanisms, or by homology-directed repair (HDR).